Advanced International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2584-0487 •   Impact Factor: 9.11

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People-Centered Eye Care for All: A Narrative Review of Global Frameworks and National Experiences in Bangladesh

Author(s) Minara Rahman, Dilruba Bedana, Md Mahfuzul Haque, Md. Anisour Rahman
Country United States
Abstract Abstract



Bangladesh’s rural districts and urban informal settlements bear a disproportionate burden of avoidable visual impairment, primarily due to uncorrected refractive error, cataract, and diabetic retinopathy, all of which are compounded by socioeconomic inequities, geographic isolation, and limited integration of eye care within primary health systems. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on the prevalence and determinants of vision problems among underserved populations, evaluates the performance of government and non-governmental eye-health initiatives, and explores the feasibility of community-based approaches, including mobile eye clinics and tele-ophthalmology services. Drawing on population-based surveys such as RAAB, program evaluations, and peer-reviewed literature from Bangladesh and comparable South Asian contexts published between 2015 and 2025, the review integrates epidemiological and qualitative insights to examine access barriers and potential innovations in service delivery. Findings indicate that uncorrected refractive error and cataract remain the leading causes of visual impairment, while diabetic retinopathy is an emerging contributor, with markedly lower service utilization observed among women, older adults, low-income urban residents, and individuals with diabetes. Evidence further suggests that mobile outreach, task-sharing with community health workers, and tele-ophthalmology screening can effectively expand coverage and facilitate early detection when embedded within strong referral and surgical pathways. Scaling people-centered eye care through mobile and telemedicine platforms, gender-sensitive community engagement, and integrated school- and community-based screening is therefore imperative to address persistent inequities and advance Bangladesh toward universal eye-health coverage.
Keywords Keywords: Eye health, Visual impairment, Refractive error, Cataract, Diabetic retinopathy, Tele-ophthalmology, Mobile eye care, Bangladesh
Discipline Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 3, Issue 6, November-December 2025
Published On 2025-11-16
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