Water Treatment Using Zinc Oxide (ZnO): A Comprehensive Review

Author(s)	Limtu Jugli
Country	India
Abstract	Water pollution is a critical global issue due to industrialization, urbanization, and ineffective wastewater management. Zinc oxide (ZnO) has emerged as a highly promising photocatalyst for water treatment because of its wide band gap, high exciton binding energy, and strong oxidative potential. ZnO demonstrates versatility in photodegradation of organic pollutants, microbial disinfection, and heavy metal removal [1-4]. This review synthesizes research on ZnO’s material properties, synthesis techniques, modifications to extend light response, photocatalytic mechanisms, applications, and challenges including electron-hole recombination, stability, and environmental toxicity. Future directions focus on enhancing ZnO-based treatment systems for sustainable and scalable water purification [5-12,41-55].
Keywords
Discipline	Physics > Nano Technology / Nuclear
Published In	Volume 4, Issue 1, January-February 2026
Published On	2026-02-26

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Advanced International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research