Advanced International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2584-0487 •   Impact Factor: 9.11

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Role of Neuromuscular Training in Injury Prevention, Movement Efficiency, and Athletic Performance Among Male and Female Athletes: A Narrative Review

Author(s) Dr. Isha Upadhyay, Ms. Tinu Kumari, Prof. Dr. Aditi Singh
Country India
Abstract Background: Sports injuries remain a major concern across competitive and recreational athletic populations, often leading to significant physical, psychological, and financial burdens. Deficits in neuromuscular control, proprioception, dynamic stability, and biomechanical efficiency are recognized as major contributors to injury susceptibility, particularly for lower-extremity injuries such as anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears, ankle sprains, hamstring strains, and overuse syndromes. Neuromuscular training (NMT) has emerged as an evidence-based preventive and performance-enhancing intervention that integrates proprioceptive, balance, strength, agility, plyometric, and core stability exercises to optimize movement patterns and reduce injury incidence. Objective: To evaluate and summarize current evidence regarding the role of neuromuscular training in injury prevention, movement efficiency, and athletic performance among male and female athletes. Methods: A narrative review of peer-reviewed literature was conducted using databases including PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane Library. Studies published between 1995 and 2026 examining neuromuscular training interventions in athletic populations were reviewed. Inclusion criteria involved male and female athletes participating in neuromuscular, proprioceptive, balance, agility, plyometric, or strength-focused interventions with outcomes related to injury prevention, movement biomechanics, or athletic performance. Results: Evidence consistently demonstrates that neuromuscular training significantly improves proprioception, postural control, joint stability, landing biomechanics, muscle activation patterns, agility, speed, and coordination. These adaptations reduce lower-limb injury incidence, particularly ACL injuries (up to 50–70%), ankle sprains (35–50%), and overall sports injuries (30–45%). Female athletes appear to derive particularly significant benefits due to higher baseline ACL injury risk and movement control deficits. NMT also enhances movement economy, force transfer, and sport-specific performance outcomes. Conclusion: Neuromuscular training is a highly effective, practical, and low-cost strategy for reducing injury risk while improving movement efficiency and athletic performance. Its integration into athletic conditioning, rehabilitation, and return-to-sport protocols is strongly recommended across genders and sports disciplines.
Keywords Neuromuscular training, injury prevention, athletic performance, ACL prevention, proprioception, movement efficiency, sports physiotherapy
Discipline Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 4, Issue 3, May-June 2026
Published On 2026-05-23
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