Advanced International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research

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Financial Performance of Public Sector Banks in India, a Comparative Analysis

Author(s) Mr. Binay Kumar Sahu
Country India
Abstract The financial performance of two prominent Indian public sector banks, State Bank of India (SBI) and Bank of Baroda (BOB), is compared in this study to evaluate their respective profitability, efficiency, and growth during a chosen time frame. The analysis focuses on important market and accounting statistics that are frequently employed in research on bank performance, as well as the relationship between deposits, net profit, and asset growth.
Secondary data from reputable financial databases, public annual reports, and regulatory filings served as the foundation for the study. Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), Earnings per Share (EPS), Return on Capital Employed (ROCE), net profit, and operational profit margin are all used in ratio analysis to assess profitability. Efficiency is assessed using cost-to-income ratio and related operating metrics, while growth and solvency are examined using Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), current asset growth, and trends in deposits and net profit. Where appropriate, statistical tools such as trend analysis and correlation are used to explore relationships between profitability indicators, asset quality, and growth.
The comparative findings highlight how SBI and BOB differ in generating returns from assets and equity, controlling costs, and converting deposit growth into sustainable profits. Evidence from related studies suggests that improvements in CAR, asset quality, and operating efficiency are closely linked to stronger ROA, ROE, EPS, and net profit. The study concludes by identifying which bank demonstrates relatively better profitability, efficiency, and growth dynamics over the period, and by suggesting that strategic focus on cost control, credit risk management, and capital strength is critical for enhancing financial performance in India’s competitive banking sector.
Keywords Financial performance, Comparative analysis, public sector banks, Profitability, Operational Efficiency, Growth.
Discipline Business Administration
Published In Volume 4, Issue 3, May-June 2026
Published On 2026-05-20
DOI https://doi.org/10.62127/aijmr.2026.v04i03.1342
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